Current situation and future trend of rubber plant

The current situation and future trend of rubber planting of tire raw materials

I. 50 years of efforts have created the pillar of agricultural economy in hot areas, making China the fifth largest rubber producing country in the world

the rubber forest is full of pride and glory of rubber planting people. Of course, this is not only in Yunnan. Hainan Island has the largest area of rubber forests in China, and the rubber industry in Guangdong and other places has also been booming. At present, China's rubber planting area is 660000 hectares, with an annual output of 600000 tons of dry rubber, making it the fifth largest rubber producing country in the world

although China introduced rubber 100 years ago, it was after the founding of new China that the subgrade was truly protected and developed. China's rubber planting areas are mostly typhoon, drought and low temperature, and do not have the superior climatic conditions of traditional rubber planting countries at home and abroad. However, in the early days of the founding of new China, a large amount of rubber was needed for various constructions. Facing the economic blockade of Western powers, the Party Central Committee resolutely decided to open up its own rubber base. In Hainan, Guangdong and Yunnan, the most remote places, groups of farmers came. Millions of demobilized, demobilized, veterans, returned overseas Chinese, and educated youth in the countryside pioneer planting rubber, breaking the saying that it is impossible to plant rubber north of 15 degrees north latitude, and successfully planting rubber on a large scale in 18-24 degrees north latitude

the efforts of several generations have lifted up a new cause in the Republic. In 1949, the annual output of natural rubber in China was only 199 tons. Now the output of rubber has increased nearly 2900 times, and the unit yield has increased from more than 400 kg per hectare to 1300 kg at present. The agricultural reclamation in Yunnan and Hainan has exceeded the world average unit yield level and become one of the regions with the highest large-scale production of natural rubber in the world. Over the past 50 years, China has produced more than 8 million tons of natural rubber, which has basically met the needs of national defense, industrial transportation, medical treatment and other aspects for a considerable period of time

at present, China has more than 150 rubber planting farms and 180000 rubber planting farmers, and about 3million people are engaged in natural rubber production. The biological stability and mechanical performance of private rubber polyurethane in Hainan and Yunnan provinces have also been improved, and rubber production has absorbed more than 600000 workers. The natural rubber industry in Yunnan Province has involved 16 ethnic groups in 25 counties, and 350000 rural labor forces are engaged in rubber planting, processing and sales. In concentrated production areas, the natural rubber industry has become a pillar industry to promote the income increase of local farmers and farm workers. The development of natural rubber has made great contributions to enhancing national unity and prospering the border economy. Hainan province takes planting rubber as an important means of poverty alleviation and development. In the early 1980s, Baisha Li Autonomous County began to organize farmers to plant rubber. At present, the per capita income of farmers from planting rubber is more than 1400 yuan, accounting for more than 20% of the total agricultural output value. 50% of the farmers in the county rely on rubber as their main source of income, and tens of thousands of poor farmers rely on rubber planting to meet their food and clothing needs

scientific research shows that rubber plantations are close to rainforest systems in canopy coverage, defoliation and nutrient cycling, and are a stable and sustainable ecosystem. Therefore, the natural rubber industry has opened up a broad prospect for the coordinated development of economy and ecology in hot areas

second, looking forward to the future, the rubber planting industry must continue to make efforts in system and technological innovation

China has become the world's largest consumer of natural rubber and an importer of nano particles made from natural rubber and palladium catalyst, and the demand is also showing an increasing trend. According to statistics, China produced more than 4.4 million cars in 2003, and the demand for natural rubber increased by 40%. At present, the output of natural rubber in China accounts for only 7% of the world's total output, but the consumption accounts for more than 20% of the world's total consumption. From January to July this year, China imported 690000 tons of natural rubber, and China's dependence on the international market is gradually deepening. Therefore, it is particularly urgent to improve the domestic rubber production and its competitiveness in the international market

at present, we must reduce costs and make the natural rubber industry light. The domestic rubber planting industry is dominated by state-owned farms. However, the contradictions accumulated by state-owned enterprises for a long time are becoming more and more prominent, the operation efficiency is not high, the placement of workers is difficult, and the social burden is heavy. The original cost of a ton of dry rubber was about 5000 yuan, but the various costs of enterprise operation were spread on rubber, and the cost would rise to more than 8000 yuan. What else is this competitive? Therefore, system innovation is the most fundamental problem. At present, all reclamation areas have vigorously promoted the household contracted management of workers and carried out major reforms in the production and management mechanism. At the same time, Hainan, Yunnan and Guangdong reclamation areas have carried out the practice of joint-stock reform of natural rubber. According to the requirements of industrialized management, the integration of regional resources has laid the foundation for cultivating the core competitiveness of enterprises and expanding and strengthening the natural rubber industry

the continuous innovation of rubber planting and tapping technology has played a key role in improving rubber production. However, the transformation of scientific research achievements needs to be strengthened. For example, the rubber tree stimulation agent currently being applied in a small range can increase the average yield by 12% after nearly 10 years of practice. China's experimental machine industry has developed for several decades in China, so we should consider increasing investment in scientific research and development and technology promotion

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